| [ Christian ] in KIDS 글 쓴 이(By): parsec ( 먼 소 류 ) 날 짜 (Date): 2001년 12월 11일 화요일 오후 03시 19분 43초 제 목(Title): Re: about conflict I think I have to be clear about the definition of the word,'conflict', if I were to use it afterward. You presented the definition of 'conflict' as a noun only. But the usage in this thread was always(if not, almost always) as a verb. And 'conflicting' as adjective. As a verb, the definition is the following(I expect variations from dictionary to dictionary, but no serious differences) =Con*flict" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Conflicted; p. pr. & vb. n. Conflicting.] =[L. conflictus, p. p. of confligere to conflict (cf. conflictare); con- + =fligere to strike; cf. Gr. fli`bein, qli`bein, to press, L. flagrum whip.] = =1. To strike or dash together; to meet in violent collision; to collide. = Shak. = = Fire and water conflicting together. = Bacon. = =2. To maintain a conflict; to contend; to engage in strife or opposition; = to struggle. = = A man would be content to . . . conflict with great difficulties, in = hopes of a mighty reward. = Abp. Tillotson. = =3. To be in opposition; to be contradictory. = = The laws of the United States and of the individual States may, in = some cases, conflict with each other. = Wheaton. = = Syn. -- To fight; contend; contest; resist; struggle; combat; strive; = battle. = =Con*flict"ing, a. Being in conflict or collision, or in opposition; = contending; contradictory; incompatible; contrary; opposing. = = Torn with sundry conflicting passions. = Bp. Hurd ---------------------- To say about ideas, I use the definition 3. To be specific, the definition, "to be contradictory" because ideas have no real body to collide with. And as for the discussion of ours about belief and logic, I use it for categorizing, not for the content. I wish it be clear. Speaking about the content, I have no objection to your idea. But from the time when I said 'it is about the way you get the conclusion' i've been saying about 'the way', not the 'content'. It is because logic is a specific 'way' to derive an idea from another. So when I compare 'belief' with 'logic', it is about the action of 'jumping to the conclusion', not the content of the belief. but I'm quite sure you have 'contents' in mind thoughout the discussion(am I right?). Thus(if I am right) begins our misunderstandings. Let me clarify about 'belief' also: =Be*lief" (&?;), n. [OE. bileafe, bileve; cf. AS. geleafa. See Believe.] = 1. Assent to a proposition or affirmation, or the acceptance of a fact, = opinion, or assertion as real or true, without immediate personal knowledge; = reliance upon word or testimony; partial or full assurance without positive = knowledge or absolute certainty; persuasion; conviction; confidence; as, = belief of a witness; the belief of our senses. = = Belief admits of all degrees, from the slightest suspicion to the fullest = assurance. = Reid. = = 2. (Theol.) A persuasion of the truths of religion; faith. = = No man can attain [to] belief by the bare contemplation of heaven and earth. = Hooker. = = 3. The thing believed; the object of belief. = = Superstitious prophecies are not only the belief of fools, but the talk = sometimes of wise men. = Bacon. = = 4. A tenet, or the body of tenets, held by the advocates of any class of = views; doctrine; creed. = = In the heat of persecution to which Christian belief was subject upon its = first promulgation. = Hooker. = =Be*lieve" (&?;), v. t.[imp. & p. p. Believed (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Believing.] = [OE. bileven(with pref. be- for AS. ge-), fr. AS. gel&?;fan, gel&?;fan; akin to = D. gelooven, OHG. gilouban, G. glauben, OS. gil&?;bian, Goth. galaubjan, and = Goth. liubs dear. See Lief, a., Leave, n.] To exercise belief in; to credit = upon the authority or testimony of another; to be persuaded of the truth of, = upon evidence furnished by reasons, arguments, and deductions of the mind, or = by circumstances other than personal knowledge; to regard or accept as true; = to place confidence in; to think; to consider; as, to believe a person, a = statement, or a doctrine. = = Our conqueror (whom I now Of force believe almighty). = Milton. = = King Agrippa, believest thou the prophets ? = Acts xxvi. 27. = = Often followed by a dependent clause. = I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. = Acts viii. 37. = = Syn. -- See Expect. = =Be*lieve", v. i. 1. To have a firm persuasion, esp. of the truths of = religion; to have a persuasion approaching to certainty; to exercise = belief or faith. = = Lord, I believe; help thou mine unbelief. = Mark ix. 24. = = With the heart man believeth unto righteousness. = Rom. x. 10. = = 2. To think; to suppose. = = I will not believe so meanly of you. = Fielding. = -------- You might disagree, but if you compare 'belief' and 'belive(v.t)' the definitions have quite a little difference. As you have said, 'believe' means to accept certain idea upon some evidence or testimonies. It is almost the same to 'think' or 'regard'. But 'belief' is an ascension to conclusion without proper word or testimony.(oops, testimony--> certainty) So, 'I believe A is B' is very different from 'I have belief that A is B'. Now I can agree that use of English multiplies the confusion. ◇ ~~~_ _ ∴ ~|~| | _/__, SEP. 11. 2001 _ ∴∴ _ ~ | | ＼ ` Armorica under a tat ,-| `,-,_| |__ | | | A ______|_|__|_|___|__|| | |__|_|_____________________________________ |